Nelu ZUGRAVU

DOI: 10.47743/asui-2024-0008

Abstract. The text analyzes the incidence of the verbs fertur (ferunt) and dicitur in the biography of Elagabalus from the Historia Augusta, reaching the conclusion that they are found almost entirely in chapters XVIII, 4-XXXIII – a “catalogue” of multiple and unbelievable excesses of Elagabalus, committed overwhelmingly as privatus; they introduce apocryphal dialogues, direct or indirect dicta principis, allusions, rumors that the anonymous hypocritically tries to avoid, calumnies, fabellae difficult to verify, lines reproduced from ancient poets, parodied after them or “originals”, omina imperii invented. Therefore, both expressions are part of the category of narrative tools that reveal the uncertainty of what is reported, the relative quality of the sources, the filtered, “secondary”, “retold”, “ambiguous” character of the historical narrative, the absence of documentary support in some columns of the biography, a fact that gave free rein to imagination and exaggerations.

Keywords: Elagabalus; Historia Augusta; fertur (ferunt); dicitur; narrative tools.

Mădălina SAVA-MOISE

DOI: 10.47743/asui-2024-0007

Abstract: After the end of the Daco-Roman wars, most of the territories conquered by the Romans were included in the province of Dacia. The territory of Muntenia had a special status, being part of the province of Moesia Inferior between the years 101-117. P. Chr. On the territory of Muntenia, the so-called Chilia-Militari culture developed, highly influenced by the Roman one. After the years 117-118 p. Chr. the Sarmatians also entered Muntenia, settling mainly in the lowland; in their settlements there is evidence of coexistence with the local Dacians. The Roman influence in these territories can be seen even more in the ceramic products made by local craftsmen. The most artefacts discovered in the settlements of this culture are of course the ceramic vessels, hand or wheel worked. The ones worked on the wheel are of several types: traditional, from fine paste, the ones with a rough appearance roman provincial types, and imported ceramics. Pottery of rough appearance, also known as “kitchen dishes” has been discovered in numerous settlements, and is thought to be evidence of Roman influence. These vessels were made of the paste mixed with pebbles, which gave it a rough appearance, and fired grey, grey- yellow and brick colors. They were discovered in settlements in the west and center of Muntenia at Coloneşti, Scorniceşti, Mătăsaru, Podul Dâmboviţei, Militari, Alexandria, Bucov, etc.

Keywords: Roman conquest; Chilia – Militari culture; traditional ceramic; Roman provincial pottery; rough pottery.

Vasile UNGUREANU

Ionuţ NISTOR

DOI: 10.47743/asui-2024-0006

Abstract: Nicolae Ţimiraş (1912-1996) was a Romanian lawyer, diplomat, professor and writer. He was admitted to the Romanian diplomatic service in 1936. In the first years of his diplomatic career, he was a member of the Romanian delegation at three official meetings of the Little Entente. Ţimiraş worked in the Romanian Legations in Budapest, Rome and the Vatican. At the latter, he held the position of chargé d’affairs a.i. between March 7, 1946, and April 15, 1947. He was also acting consul general of the General Consulate of Romania in Tirana between May 1 and August 15, 1941. As a result of the communists coming to power in Romania, Nicolae Ţimiraş was dismissed from diplomacy in 1947. He went into exile, first to Canada, after which he settled in the United States of America. Here he was an active member of the Romanian anti-communist exile, being a founding member, vice-president and president of the American Romanian Academy of Arts and Sciences. From exile, Nicolae Ţimiraş spoke against the totalitarian regime in Romania, initiated a series of cultural projects with the aim of promoting Romanian values among foreigners, strongly supported the organization of a World Congress of Romanians with the aim of giving the Romanian exile a unique voice. Throughout his entire life, Nicolae Ţimiraş worked, constantly and tirelessly, for the promotion of his native country, being truly a man in the service of Romania.

Keywords: Romanian diplomat; Little Entente; communism; exile; American Romanian Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Elinor Danusia POPESCU

DOI: 10.47743/asui-2024-0005

Abstract: The consular oath is the institutionalized reflection of a particular state function, linking public authorities and civil society. But it is also a marker capable of recording political developments, especially when anti-system parties demanding faith and obedience from their militants, manage to seize power and imprint the seal of their ideology on the practices and formulas of the State. From 1933, the oaths became rarer, even if the Romanian consular corps adapted to the new situation by gradually eliminating consuls of Jewish origin. From 1938, the text itself changed and in 1940, the oath was signed in the presence of a priest.

Keywords: anti-Semitism; consular oath; consular corps; Great Romania; international relations; interwar; Nazi Germany.

Ionel DOCTORU

DOI: 10.47743/asui-2024-0004

Abstract: The period between the summer of 1924 and the beginning of 1926 brought along with it a series of changes in French domestic politics, as well as in its external politics. After a brief period of instability, along with the appointment of the new Minister Plenipotentiary, Constantin Diamandi, there has been an intensification of efforts to materialize the Franco-Romanian treaty within the Romanian Legation in Paris. The work of the new head of the legation was to be extended to the entire French state, so the Romanian consular network took over this effort and expanded it at regional level. In this context, the links between the consulates and the Legation, as well as the connections that the consuls had in France, were important elements that were to facilitate the actions of the Romanian diplomatic corps. The change at the level of the Romanian Legation in Paris also brought about changes within the consular network. The personality of the new Minister Plenipotentiary and his methods were factors that created a new climate and new relations between the diplomatic staff and the consulates. The Romanian consular network had to adapt, and the new circumstances were not to affect its work, but on the contrary to stimulate it and create new opportunities to fulfil the directives sent from Bucharest.

Keywords: consular network; legation; politics; France; consulates; interwar period.

Adrian VIŢALARU

DOI: 10.47743/asui-2024-0003

Abstract: This study analyzes some aspects of the activity of Consul George-Traian Gallin in Poland, in Warsaw and Lvov (Lemberg, today Lviv), between 1922 and 1936. Gallin was an element of continuity in the representation of the interests of the Romanian state in interwar Poland, being the diplomat who served the longest uninterrupted period in the Romanian diplomatic service in Poland. Gallin headed the career consulate in Lvov for almost nine of the more than 14 years he spent in Poland, making him a special case among Romania’s career consuls. His activity in the field of cultural diplomacy and the promotion of Romania’s economic interests was intense and appreciated by the leadership in Bucharest. The consul in Lvov was also known for his political reports, especially on the status of minorities and Soviet propaganda in southern Poland.

Keywords: consul; diplomacy; Romania; Poland; interwar period.

Lucian LEUŞTEAN

DOI: 10.47743/asui-2024-0002

Abstract: The Romanian Consulate or Consular Section of the Romanian Legation in Budapest played a key role in the Romanian-Hungarian “Cold War”, not only by fulfilling its duties conferred by law, especially in terms of providing consular services for Romanian citizens abroad, but also by assisting the Romanian Legation in its complicated relations with the Hungarian authorities. For example, many translations were done by consuls. At least one of them, Aurel Monţia, a native of Transylvania, was fluent in Hungarian, which made him very useful. On his return to the MAS Central Office, Monţia worked at the Press and Propaganda Department, whose head in 1926, Nicolae Dianu, praised him for his knowledge of Hungarian, his translations from the Hungarian press and the seriousness with which he carried out his duties.

Keywords: Romanian Consulate; Budapest; interwar years; Romanian-Hungarian “Cold War”; Aurel Monţia.

Adrian-Bogdan CEOBANU, Daniel CAIN

DOI: 10.47743/asui-2024-0001

Abstract: At the beginning of 1912, the post of honorary consul of Romania in Moscow was vacant. Constantin G. Nanu, the Romanian minister in Petersburg, had two candidacies in front of him: Grigorie Suslov and Pierre Guérin. After asking the Russian Foreign Ministry and the honorary consul in Petersburg for information, he chose Guérin, a Russian subject of French origin. In this text, we intended to bring to the attention of those interested in the history of Romanian diplomacy or the history of Romanian-Russian/Soviet relations some aspects of the biography of the one who was the honorary consul of Romania in Moscow during the First World War and its destiny in the interwar period. We noticed that – after he brought significant services to the Romanian state, especially in the period 1916-1918 – in the first interwar years, the Romanian Ministers of Foreign Affairs found various funds in the ministry to reward him. Until 1931, Guérin received money from the Romanian state, and although between 1920-1921 was also discussed the granting of Romanian citizenship, the decisive step towards granting it was not taken.

Keywords: honorary consul; biography; activity; Moscow; First World War

CUPRINS

Romanian-Serbian relations in the 20th century

• Zoran Janjetović, Romanian national minority in the Yugoslav Banat 1918-1948
• Adrian Viţalaru, In the capital of the allied state. Romanian diplomats in Belgrade (1919-1941)
• Alexandru D. Aioanei, Yugoslavia and Britain’s clandestine actions in Romania during the Second World War
• Olivera Dragišić, Italian precedent for the armistice negotiations with Romania in 1944
• Vladimir Lj. Cvetković, Yugoslavia and the crisis of Petru Groza government (August 1945 – January 1946)
• Ionuţ Nistor, A marriage of convenience. The Romanian Workers’ Party and the Yugoslav emigration in the early 1950s
• Petar Dragišić, Serbian press and Romanian Revolution in 1989

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• Iulia Dumitrache, Despre potenţialul halieutic pontic la Ovidius
• Ionuţ Acrudoae, Cohortes I-VIII Breucorum în secolul I p.Chr. Locuri şi oameni
• Nelu Zugravu, Vasile Pârvan e Marco Aurelio
• Claudiu-Costel Luca, Ciclurile monarhiei imperiale în Liber de Caesaribus – o abordare istoriografică

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• Alexandru Ştefan, Tentaţia falsului diplomatic. Cazul lui Ştefan de Sânger, notarul conventului benedictin de la Cluj-Mănăştur
• Ştefan S. Gorovei, Falsuri şi falsificatori pentru istoria românească
• Radu Cârciumaru, Greci la Târgovişte în veacul al XVII-lea. Interferenţe istorico-arheologice
• Celestin Ignat, Logofeţia Ţării Moldovei în cea de-a treia domnie a lui Gheorghe Duca (1678-1683)
• Mihai-Bogdan Atanasiu, Documente inedite ale familiei Goia (I). Ramura lui Sandu Goia
• Gheorghe Lazăr, Ajutoarele româneşti în favoarea aşezămintelor athonite Karacalu şi Marea Lavră. Noi mărturii documentare (sec. al XVIII-lea)
• Mihai Anatolii Ciobanu, Două planuri ruseşti ale ansamblului Episcopiei Buzăului
• Laurenţiu Rădvan, Mihai Anatolii Ciobanu, Planul satului Lăzăreni (Iaşi) şi surprizele sale: reşedinţa lui Rumeanţev şi schitul de la Stânca Jijiei
• Georgiana Mădălina Mihai, Ţinutul Romanului în cadrul organizării administrative a Moldovei în secolul XVIII – prima jumătate a secolului XIX

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• Laurenţiu Rădvan, Noi contribuţii privitoare la originea şi activitatea arhitectului Johann Freywald
• Alexandru-Florin Platon, „La Révolution de la Grèce n’est qu’accidentelle…”: o versiune inedită a relatării prinţului Gheorghe Cantacuzino despre acţiunea Eteriei în Principatele Române la 1821
• Cristian Ploscaru, O piesă de teatru şi afacerea „idarelelor calpe”. Secvenţe din istoria domniilor pământene
• Maria Rados, Întâia reformă a şcolilor din Moldova?
• Simion Câlţia, Decoraţiile, instrument de guvernare în timpul domniei lui Carol I
• Claudiu-Lucian Topor, Romania’s Royal Legation in Germany before 1914
• Mihai Tudosă, Orthodoxy and Orthopraxy Among Romanians During the Great War
• Ovidiu Buruiană, The German military occupation in Romania (1916-1918) and its representation
• Liviu Brătescu, Centenarul naşterii lui I. C. Brătianu (1921). Memorie socială şi legitimare politică

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In memoriam: Ion Toderaşcu
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Abrevieri